Physicists Shaun Fell and Avi Loeb say a spacecraft propelled by a subluminal warp drive passing through Earth's atmosphere would produce an extremely bright glow, according to their analysis. The pair argue that their work offers a viable scientific foundation for many UAP reports of bright lights and orbs discussed in recent Pentagon file drops.
The researchers say Einstein's theory of general relativity permits warp bubbles with micrometer-sized surfaces capable of housing very large craft, and Fell has said such extremely small warp bubbles could theoretically be used as weapons. Fell has said warp drives would be a fantastic way to travel through the universe and that it makes sense aliens would find them advantageous.
According to the Applied Physics team, the new paper used a subluminal version of the original Alcubierre warp drive metric, first proposed by Mexican mathematician Miguel Alcubierre in 1994. Loeb and Fell conducted hydrodynamical simulations of the airflow around warp bubbles encasing theoretical spacecraft, according to reporting on the pair's research. Loeb has said any warp bubble traveling faster than 5% the speed of light would cause atmospheric perturbation, and that this would inevitably generate a bright fireball by shocking the surrounding air. The team calculated the effects of warp drive craft passing through the atmosphere at a fraction of light speed, and Loeb and Fell determined the heated air around the bubble could reach 220 billion degrees Kelvin if the spacecraft traveled fast enough. Fell has said any warp bubble exceeding 5% of light speed through the atmosphere would generate optical signatures qualitatively the same as those described in the paper. Loeb has said an aircraft-scale spacetime bubble moving at the right velocities would produce luminosities exceeding one terawatt, and that a warp-propelled craft entering the atmosphere would produce a direct, high-energy burst of radiation from the shock zone. According to Loeb, a wave of energetic photons would be absorbed by the lower atmosphere and reradiated as visible and ultraviolet light, producing a bright glow directly below the shock zone that could, in the right scenario, dominate surface solar flux by orders of magnitude.
The Applied Physics team has said warp drives moving more slowly through the atmosphere, including near the speed of sound, would not be nearly as bright as those exceeding 5% of light speed. Loeb has said craft at rest or moving well below relativistic speeds would not generate extreme luminosities, and that a micrometer-scale bubble moving at a few times the speed of sound at sea level would result in a modest luminosity of roughly one kilowatt. Fell has said he and colleagues are now studying this slower velocity regime of micrometer-sized warp bubbles.
Fell has said a micrometer-sized warp bubble would exhibit tremendous gravitational tidal forces and would obliterate almost any material in its path, particularly at high speed, and floated the idea of such bubbles as weapons, while adding that a plan to use warp-enabled craft to annihilate Earth would not be practical for aliens. An unnamed Applied Physics physicist compared a theoretical warp bubble to a tent, describing an exterior that looks ordinary but conceals a much larger interior, and Fell has said such bubbles could theoretically house large ships or other cargo under general relativity.
Loeb has said the warp-drive physics supports the idea that some UAP reports could be explained by advanced propulsion technology, and has asked whether some reported orbs could be slow-moving warp bubbles. Fell has said his paper places observational constraints on questions about UAP and narrows the range of possibilities. Dr. Jon Kosloski, identified by Loeb as director of the Pentagon's All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office, has said 40% of the phenomena examined lack a reasonable explanation and remain unresolved. Gianni Martire has said the study's mathematics raises the possibility that science may be catching up to UFO lore that has existed for centuries.